Synonyms: None
C[CH₂(OCH₂CH₂)_nOH]₄
Average M_n ~ 270
CAS Number [30599-15-6]
EC Number 500-071-2
Density 1.2 g/mL at 25°C (literature)
Boiling point >300°C (literature)
Refractive index n20/D 1.481

Measured Conductivity Range: 36.1 – 61.3 µS/cm at 25°C
Measured Refractive Index Range: 1.39627 – 1.39719 at 20°C

1. Acta Cryst. (2002). D58, 306-309. Pentaerythritol propoxylate: a new crystallization agent and cryoprotectant induces crystal growth of 2-methylcitrate dehydratase. A. M. Gulick, A. R. Horswill, J. B. Thoden, J. C. Escalante-Semerena and I. Rayment.

Hampton Research, first in crystallization since 1991, developing and delivering crystallization and optimization screens, reagents, plates, and other tools for the crystallization of biological macromolecules, including proteins (antibody), peptides (insulin), and nucleic acids (DNA).

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Synonyms: HEPES sodium salt, or 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid sodium salt, or N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N′-(2-ethanesulfonic acid) sodium salt
C₈H₁₇N₂NaO₄S
M_r 260.29
CAS [75277-39-3]
EC Number 278-169-7
MDL Number MFCD00036463
PubChem Substance ID 24895780
pKa 7.5 at 25°C
Useful pH Range of HEPES sodium: 6.6 – 8.2

HR2-733 is titrated to pH 7.5 using HCl
HR2-733 measured Conductivity range: 41.7 – 43.4 mS/cm at 25°C
HR2-733 measured Refractive Index range: 1.37577 – 1.37766 at 20°C

HR2-577 is the free base of HEPES sodium and is to be titrated to the desired pH using HCl
HR2-577 measured pH Range: 10.2 – 12.1 at 25°C
HR2-577 measured Conductivity range: 25.9 – 27.2 mS/cm at 25°C
HR2-577 measured Refractive Index range: 1.37097 – 1.37298 at 20°C

HR2-931-01 – 1.0 M HEPES sodium pH 6.8 is a Custom Shop reagent and is used to reproduce and optimize Crystallization Reagents for use with the Silver Bullets kit.

1.0 M HEPES sodium

1.0 M HEPES sodium pH 7.5

1. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray characterization of GM2-activator protein. C. S. Wright and S.-C. Li. Acta Cryst. (1997). D53, 211-212.

Hampton Research, first in crystallization since 1991, developing and delivering crystallization and optimization screens, reagents, plates, and other tools for the crystallization of biological macromolecules, including proteins (antibody), peptides (insulin), and nucleic acids (DNA).

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Synonyms: Pentaerythritol ethoxylate
C[CH₂(OCH₂CH₂)_nOH]₄, N = 3.75
Average M_n ~ 797
CAS Number [30599-15-6]
EC Number 500-071-2
MDL Number MFCD00197884
Boiling point >300°C (literature)

Measured Conductivity Range: 3.2 – 11.4 µS/cm at 25°C
Measured Refractive Index Range: 1.40400 – 1.41578 at 20°C

Pentaerythritol ethoxylate (15/4 EO/OH) consists of a mixture of different compounds. The “15” indicates that there are 15 different chain length compounds in the mixture with an average chain length of 4.

50% v/v Pentaerythritol ethoxylate (15/4 EO/OH)

1. Acta Cryst. (2002). D58, 306-309. Pentaerythritol propoxylate: a new crystallization agent and cryoprotectant induces crystal growth of 2-methylcitrate dehydratase. A. M. Gulick, A. R. Horswill, J. B. Thoden, J. C. Escalante-Semerena and I. Rayment.

Hampton Research, first in crystallization since 1991, developing and delivering crystallization and optimization screens, reagents, plates, and other tools for the crystallization of biological macromolecules, including proteins (antibody), peptides (insulin), and nucleic acids (DNA).

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Synonyms: 1,3-Diaza-2,4-cyclopentadiene or Glyoxaline
C₃H₄N₂
M_r 68.08
CAS Number [288-32-4]
EC Number 206-019-2
Beilstein Registry Number 103853
Merck 14,4912
RTECS NI3325000
MDL Number MFCD00005183
PubChem Substance ID 24880372
Purity ≥ 99.5%
UN Number 2923 8/PG 3

pKa = 6.95
The useful pH range of an Imidazole can be 6.2 – 7.8

HR2-819 is titrated to pH 7.0 using HCl
HR2-819 Measured Conductivity Range: 45.4 – 50.4 mS/cm at 25°C
HR2-819 Measured Refractive Index Range: 1.34836 – 1.34904 at 20°C

Titrate HR2-573 to the desired pH using HCl
HR2-573 Measured pH Range: 10.5 – 10.7 at 25°C
HR2-573 Measured Conductivity Range: 71.1 – 101.5 µS/cm at 25°C
HR2-573 Measured Refractive Index Range: 1.34420 – 1.34440 at 20°C

Ca  ≤0.001%
Cd  ≤0.0005%
Cl   ≤0.005%
Co  ≤0.0005%
Cr  ≤0.0005%
Cu  ≤0.0005%
Fe  ≤0.0005%
K   ≤0.005%
Mg ≤0.0005%
Na ≤0.005%
Ni  ≤0.0005%
Pb  ≤0.0005%
SO₄ ≤0.005%
Zn  ≤0.0005%

1.0 M Imidazole

1.0 M Imidazole pH 7.0

1. Structure of apo acyl carrier protein and a proposal to engineer protein crystallization through metal ions. X. Qiu and C. A. Janson. Acta Cryst. (2004). D60, 1545-1554 [doi:10.1107/S0907444904015422].

2. Protein crystallization by surface entropy reduction: optimization of the SER strategy. D. R. Cooper, T. Boczek, K. Grelewska, M. Pinkowska, M. Sikorska, M. Zawadzki and Z. Derewenda. Acta Cryst. (2007). D63, 636-645 [doi:10.1107/S0907444907010931].

Hampton Research, first in crystallization since 1991, developing and delivering crystallization and optimization screens, reagents, plates, and other tools for the crystallization of biological macromolecules, including proteins (antibody), peptides (insulin), and nucleic acids (DNA).

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Synonyms: None
C[CH₂[OCH₂CH(CH₃)]_nOH]₄ N~ 5
M_r ~426
CAS Number [9051-49-4]
EC Number 500-030-9
MDL Number MFCD00197885
PubChem Substance ID 24866238
Density of 100% solution 1.05 g/ml at 25°C
Refractive index of 100% solution n20/D 1.464
Boiling point of 100% solution >300°C (literature)

Measured Conductivity Range: 4.2 – 5.4 µS/cm at 25°C
Measured Refractive Index Range: 1.40400 – 1.40447 at 20°C

50% v/v Pentaerythritol propoxylate (5/4 PO/OH)

1. Acta Cryst. (2002). D58, 306-309. Pentaerythritol propoxylate: a new crystallization agent and cryoprotectant induces crystal growth of 2-methylcitrate dehydratase. A. M. Gulick, A. R. Horswill, J. B. Thoden, J. C. Escalante-Semerena and I. Rayment.

Hampton Research, first in crystallization since 1991, developing and delivering crystallization and optimization screens, reagents, plates, and other tools for the crystallization of biological macromolecules, including proteins (antibody), peptides (insulin), and nucleic acids (DNA).

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Synonyms: MES or 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid or 4-morpholineethanesulfonic acid monohydrate
C₆H₁₃NO₄S • H₂O
M_r 213.25
CAS Number [145224-94-8]
EC Number 224-632-3
Beilstein Registry Number 329824236
RTECS QE3479500
MDL Number MFCD00149409
PubChem Substance ID 24885996
Purity ≥ 99.0%
pKa 6.1 at 25°C

Solutions are stable at 2-8°C for months. Autoclaving is not recommended for any sulfonic acid buffer. When MES solutions are autoclaved, they turn yellow (although pH does not change measurably). The identity of the yellow breakdown product is unknown. When MES solutions are stored at room temperature, they can turn yellow within six months.

Useful pH range of MES 5.2 – 7.1

Titrate HR2-587 to the desired pH using NaOH
HR2-587 Measured pH Range: 3.2 – 3.4 at 25°C
HR2-587 Measured Conductivity Range: 166.4 – 2440 µS/cm at 25°C
HR2-587 Measured Refractive Index Range: 1.34655 – 1.34731 at 20°C

HR2-787 has been titrated to pH 6.5 using NaOH
HR2-787 Measured Conductivity Range: 19.2 – 25.6 mS/cm at 25°C
HR2-787 Measured Refractive Index Range: 1.36113 – 1.36251 at 20°C

HR2-943-07 – MES monohydrate pH 5.8 – 1.0 M solution is a Custom Shop reagent and is used to reproduce and optimize Crystallization Reagents for use with the Silver Bullets kit.

Impurities:
Endotoxin ≤ 50 EU/g
Yeast and Mold ≤ 100 CFU/g
Bioburden ≤ 100 CFU/g
Al ≤ 5.0 ppm
As ≤ 3.0 ppm
Ba ≤ 5.0 ppm
Bi ≤ 5.0 ppm
Ca ≤ 20.0 ppm
Cd ≤ 5.0 ppm
Co ≤ 5.0 ppm
Cr ≤ 5.0 ppm
Cu ≤ 5.0 ppm
Fe ≤ 5.0 ppm
Li ≤ 5.0 ppm
Mg ≤ 5.0 ppm
Mn ≤ 5.0 ppm
Mo ≤ 5.0 ppm
Na ≤ 20.0 ppm
Ni ≤ 5.0 ppm
Pb ≤ 5.0 ppm
Sb ≤ 5.0 ppm
Zn ≤ 5.0 ppm

0.5 M MES monohydrate

1.0 M MES monohydrate pH 6.5

1. Crystal structures of mutant Pseudomonas aeruginosa p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylases: the Tyr201Phe, Tyr385Phe, and Asn300Asp variants. Lah, MS; Palfey, BA; Schreuder, HA; Ludwig, ML. Biochemistry 33, 1555- 1564, 1994.

Hampton Research, first in crystallization since 1991, developing and delivering crystallization and optimization screens, reagents, plates, and other tools for the crystallization of biological macromolecules, including proteins (antibody), peptides (insulin), and nucleic acids (DNA).

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Synonyms: Pentaerythritol propoxylate
C[CH₂[OCH₂CH(CH₃)]_nOH]₄, N~ 2.1
Average M_n ~ 629
CAS Number [9051-49-4]
EC Number 500-030-9
MDL Number MFCD00197885
PubChem Substance ID 24866239

Measured Conductivity Range: 4.3 – 6.9 µS/cm at 25°C
Measured Refractive Index Range: 1.40398 – 1.40437 at 20°C

50% v/v Pentaerythritol propoxylate (17/8 PO/OH)

1. Acta Cryst. (2002). D58, 306-309. Pentaerythritol propoxylate: a new crystallization agent and cryoprotectant induces crystal growth of 2-methylcitrate dehydratase. A. M. Gulick, A. R. Horswill, J. B. Thoden, J. C. Escalante-Semerena and I. Rayment.

Hampton Research, first in crystallization since 1991, developing and delivering crystallization and optimization screens, reagents, plates, and other tools for the crystallization of biological macromolecules, including proteins (antibody), peptides (insulin), and nucleic acids (DNA).

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Synonyms: Cacodylic acid sodium salt trihydrate or Dimethylarsinic acid sodium salt or Dimethylarsonic acid sodium salt
C₂H₆AsNaO₂ • 3H₂O
(CH₃)₂AsO₂Na • 3H₂O
M_r 214.03
CAS Number [6131-99-3]
EC Number 204-708-2
Beilstein Registry Number 3702348
Merck 14,8595
RTECS CH7890000
MDL Number MFCD00149079
PubChem Substance ID 24892242
Purity ≥ 98.0%
UN Number UN 1688 6.1/PG 2
pKa 6.3 at 25°C

Useful pH Range of a Sodium cacodylate trihydrate buffer is 5.0 – 7.4

HR2-737 is titrated to pH 6.5 using HCl
HR2-737 Measured Conductivity Range: 43.4 – 47.1 mS/cm at 25°C
HR2-737 Measured Refractive Index Range: 1.35633 – 1.35711 at 20°C

Titrate HR2-575 to the desired pH using HCl
HR2-575 Measured pH Range: 8.4 – 8.5 at 25°C
HR2-575 Measured Conductivity Range: 33.7 – 36.5 mS/cm at 25°C
HR2-575 Measured Refractive Index Range: 1.35556 – 1.35635 at 20°C

1.0 M Sodium cacodylate trihydrate

1.0 M Sodium cacodylate trihydrate pH 6.5

1. The high-resolution crystal structure of a parallel-stranded guanine tetraplex. Laughlan, G; Murchie, AI; Norman, DG; Moore, MH; Moody, PC; Lilley, DM; Luisi, B. Science 265, 520- 524, 1994.

2. Get phases from arsenic anomalous scattering: de novo SAD phasing of two protein structures crystallized in cacodylate buffer. Liu X, Zhang H, Wang XJ, Li LF, Su XD. PLoS One. 2011;6(9):e24227. Epub 2011 Sep 2.

Hampton Research, first in crystallization since 1991, developing and delivering crystallization and optimization screens, reagents, plates, and other tools for the crystallization of biological macromolecules, including proteins (antibody), peptides (insulin), and nucleic acids (DNA).

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